In 2016, in a Mexican hospital, Dr. John Zhang and his team delivered a baby boy who had three genetic parents. The boy was conceived via in vitro fertilization (IVF) and a novel method called spindle nuclear transfer. Spindle nuclear transfer involves transferring the mixed DNA from the mother and father to a new donor egg from a third person. In this case, the boy’s mother had a rare neurological disorder called Leigh syndrome caused by a defect in her mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). As I mentioned last week, mtDNA is passed directly from the mother through the mitochondria in her…
Comments closedTag: Mitochondrial disease
These past few weeks, I have written about many different genetic disorders and risk factors that stem from inherited errors in the DNA or mistakes in the division of chromosomes. But this week, I want to pivot a bit to talk about disorders that originate in a special form of DNA called mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Most of the DNA in your cells is housed within the nucleus, a central organelle (literally “little organ”—organelles are the “organs” of your cell with their own specific function). The nucleus keeps the DNA separate from all of the enzymes and chemical reactions of the…
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